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Kutheni Amakhethini Ezibhedlele Alahlwayo Eguqula Ulawulo Losulelo Kwinkonzo Yezempilo Yanamhlanje
Iindawo ezijongene nokhathalelo lwempilo zijongene nemingcipheko engapheliyo evela kwizifo ezinxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo. Ezi zibalo zilandelayo zibonisa ubungakanani:
| Inkcazo yezibalo | Idatha/Ixabiso |
|---|---|
| Ii-HAI zonyaka kwinkqubo yezempilo yaseMelika | Ngaphezulu kwesigidi |
| Uqikelelo lokufa phakathi kwezigulane zasesibhedlele ezine-HAIs (2015) | Malunga nama-72,000 |
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo uncedo ekusombululeni le mingcipheko. Izibonelelo ezininzi ngoku zikhetha amakhethini eekhabhinethi alahlwayo kwaye ikhethini yezonyango iimveliso ngaphezu kwezemveli ikhethini yesibhedlele iinketho.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo ukunciphisa iingozi zokosuleleka ngokusebenzisa izinto ezilwa neentsholongwane ezithintela iintsholongwane eziyingozi ukuba zingasasazeki kwiindawo ezichukunyiswa kakhulu.
- Ezi khethini kulula kwaye ziyakhawuleza ukuzitshintsha, zisindisa ixesha labasebenzi kwaye zinciphisa iingozi zokhuseleko xa kuthelekiswa neekhethini zelaphu zemveli.
- Izibhedlele zonga imali kwaye ziphucula ukhuseleko lwezigulane ngokutshintshela kwi amakhethini alahlwayo, ngelixa kusetyenziswa iindlela ezilungileyo zokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
Iingozi Zosulelo kunye Nemida Yamakhethini Esibhedlele Esintu
Iindawo Ezichukumisa Kakhulu kunye Nokudluliselwa Kweentsholongwane
Isibhedlele Amakhethini Obumfihlo ziphakathi kwezona ndawo zichukunyiswa rhoqo kwiindawo zokhathalelo lwezigulane. Abasebenzi bezempilo, izigulane, kunye neendwendwe badla ngokuphatha la makhethini ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kokudibana nokhathalelo. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba phantse isiqingatha sabasebenzi bezempilo bafumana iintsholongwane kwiminwe yabo emva kokuchukumisa amakhethini. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, ungcoliseko luyanda, ingakumbi kwiindawo apho abantu babamba khona ilaphu.
Uphando lwenkcubeko lubonise ukuba ama-42% amakhethini esibhedlele zithwele i-enterococci engamelani ne-vancomycin, i-22% yayine-Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) engamelani ne-methicillin, kwaye i-4% yayine-Clostridium difficile. Iinkcubeko eziprintiweyo zesandla ziqinisekisile ukuba ezi pathogens zisasazeka lula ezandleni, nto leyo eyenza amakhethini abe ngumthombo obalulekileyo wezifo ezinxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo. Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-MRSA kunye neentlobo zeCandida zinokuphila kumalaphu amakhethini kangangeentsuku ukuya kwiiveki, ngelixa iintsholongwane zeGram-negative ezifana nePseudomonas aeruginosa kunye ne-Acinetobacter baumannii zihlala ziphila ixesha elingaphezu kwenyanga. Ukuqhubeka kwezi zinto eziphilayo kubonisa umngcipheko obangelwa ngamakhethini emveli.
Amakhethini esibhedlele asebenza njengeefomite, esebenza njengeendawo zokugcina iintsholongwane eziyingozi kwaye enza kube lula ukusasazeka kwazo kwiindawo zonyango.
Imingeni yokucoca kunye nemiba yokuthobela imithetho
Ukugcina amakhethini elaphu lendabuko kunika imingeni emininzi yokulungiselela nokhuseleko. Ukususa nokutshintsha ikhethini nganye kungathatha imizuzu engama-30, okudla ngokufuna iileli kwaye kubeke abasebenzi engozini. Amakhethini anokurhuqa phantsi ngexesha lokutshintshiselana, nto leyo eyonyusa umngcipheko wongcoliseko olungakumbi. Abasebenzi kufuneka basebenzise izixhobo zokuzikhusela kwaye balandele iinkqubo ezicokisekileyo ukuze baphephe ukungcoliseka okugqithisileyo.
Ukuhlamba rhoqo kuyimfuneko ukulawula iintsholongwane, kodwa le nkqubo inzima kwaye ibiza kakhulu. Amakhethini kufuneka amelane nokuhlanjwa rhoqo kwemizi-mveliso, okunokonakalisa iindawo ezixhonyiweyo kwaye kunciphise ubomi bazo. Ezi ngxaki zihlala zibangela ukucocwa okungasoloko kwenzeka, okuvumela amakhethini ukuba abe yimithombo engapheliyo yeentsholongwane eziyingozi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo zibonelela ngenye indlela esebenzayo ngokwenza kube lula ukutshintshwa kwazo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko.
| Umngeni | Impembelelo kuLawulo loSulelo |
|---|---|
| Ukususwa okuthatha ixesha elide | Icotha ukucoca, yandisa umngcipheko |
| Iingozi zokhuseleko | Ukulimala kwabasebenzi, ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi |
| Ukuhlamba impahla okungasoloko kwenzeka | Ukuqokelelana kwezifo |
| Umngcipheko wongcoliseko olunqamlezileyo | Ukusasazeka kwe-HAIs |
Indlela Amakhethini Esibhedlele Alahlwayo Aphucula Ngayo Ulawulo Losulelo
Iimpawu eziphambili kunye neempawu ze-Antimicrobial
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo aquka ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokubulala iintsholongwane ukujongana nemingcipheko yongcoliseko eqhubekayo efumaneka kwiindawo eziphathwa kakhulu. Abavelisi badla ngokusebenzisa i-silver impregnation, edityaniswe neekhemikhali zokulwa neentsholongwane kunye ne-antimildew, ukuthintela ukukhula kwezifo. La makhethini adla ngokuba ne-100% polypropylene, ephuculweyo nge-nanometer silver kunye nezinye ii-antimicrobial agents. Uvavanyo lwelabhoratri lubonisa ukuba ezi zinto zenza iindawo zokuthintela iintsholongwane ezifana ne-MRSA, i-VRE, i-Clostridium difficile, i-Enterococcus, i-Klebsiella, kunye ne-Acinetobacter. Kwiimeko zeklinikhi, ngakumbi iiyunithi zokhathalelo oluphezulu, amakhethini e-antimicrobial abonisa ungcoliseko olunciphileyo kakhulu. Umzekelo, izifundo zibika ukuba akukho MRSA okanye i-Enterobacteriaceae enganyangekiyo yi-carbapenem kwiikhethini ze-sporicidal ngexesha lokuphila kwazo okucetyiswayo kweenyanga ezintandathu.
| Umbono | Iinkcukacha |
|---|---|
| Ubuchwepheshe bokulwa neentsholongwane | Ukufakelwa kwesilivere ngeekhemikhali zokulwa neentsholongwane kunye ne-antimildew |
| Izinto zeKheteni | I-polypropylene eyi-100% enesilivere ye-nanometer kunye nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswayo |
| Iintsholongwane Zivavanyiwe | I-MRSA, i-VRE, i-C. difficile, i-Enterococcus, i-Klebsiella, i-Acinetobacter, i-fungi |
| Ukusebenza kakuhle kwelebhu | Iindawo zokuthintelwa (0.5–5 mm), ukuthintelwa koqhagamshelwano ukuya kuthi ga kwiinyanga ezi-6 |
| Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezonyango (i-ICU) | Akukho MRSA, CRE, okanye C. difficile efunyenweyo kwiikhethini ezibulala iintsholongwane |
| Ingcebiso yokutshintsha | Rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 kwiindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu |
| Indima yoLawulo loSulelo | Ukunciphisa ungcoliseko lweentsholongwane kwiindawo ze-ICU |
Ezi zinto zibonisa ukuba iiDisposable Hospital Curtains ziyindlela yokulawula usulelo engasebenziyo kodwa enamandla, nto leyo enciphisa umngcipheko wosulelo olunxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo.
Ukulula kokufakela nokutshintsha
Izibonelelo zonyango ziyazuza kwinkqubo elula yokufakela nokutshintsha iiLasposable Hospital Curtains. Abasebenzi bangazitshintsha ezi khethini ngemizuzu nje embalwa, xa kuthelekiswa neeyure ezifunekayo kwiilaphu zemveli kwiiwadi ezineebhedi ezininzi. Uninzi lweendlela ezingasetyenziswayo zihambelana neendlela ezikhoyo zekhethini kwaye zisebenzisa ii-snap-in carriers, nto leyo esusa isidingo sokuphucula izixhobo. Oku kusebenza kakuhle kunciphisa ukuphazamiseka komsebenzi kwaye kunciphisa ukuvezwa kwabasebenzi kwingozi enokubakho ngexesha lokutshintsha kwekhethini.
Abasebenzi kwizibhedlele eziphambili, ezifana neRoyal Hospital eLondon kunye neCentral Medical Center yaseNew York, baxela ukuba amakhethini alahlwayo aphucula ukusebenza kakuhle komsebenzi kunye nokusebenza kwemihla ngemihla. Abalawuli bakwaphawula ukuncipha kweendleko zokucoca kunye nemizamo yokulungisa.
Ukusebenziseka lula kukhuthaza utshintsho oluqhubekayo lwamakhethini, kuxhasa ukuthotyelwa kococeko rhoqo kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko oluvela kwamanye amakhethini.
Ukunciphisa Ungcoliseko Oluhambayo kunye Nokuqhambuka Kwesifo
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqhawuleni uthotho losulelo. Ukusetyenziswa kwawo kube kanye kuqinisekisa ukuba isigulane ngasinye sifumana umqobo omtsha, ongangcoliswanga. Izibhedlele ezitshintshela kumakhethini alahlwayo zibona ungcoliseko oluphantsi kakhulu lweebhaktheriya emva kweentsuku ezilishumi kunye namazinga amancinci okungcoliswa kwiveki. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amakhethini ekotoni yendabuko abonisa ungcoliseko oluphezulu kunye nezinga lokungcoliswa eliyi-92%. Amakhethini alahlwayo agcina umsebenzi ophezulu wokulwa neentsholongwane ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka emibini, ephelisa ngempumelelo iintsholongwane ezifana ne-MRSA kunye neClostridium difficile.
Izibonelelo zibika ukuqhambuka okuncinci kunye neziphumo eziphucukileyo zolawulo losulelo emva kokusebenzisa amakhethini alahlwayo, ingakumbi kwiiyunithi ezinobungozi obukhulu ezifana nee-ICU kunye namagumbi otyando.
Le ndlela yokuzikhusela ikhokelela ekuncipheni kwezifo ezinxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo kwaye ixhasa iindawo zokhathalelo lwezigulane ezikhuselekileyo.
Ukonga Iindleko kunye Nokusebenza Kakuhle
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo anika iindleko ezinkulu kunye neenzuzo zokusebenza. Ngelixa ixabiso lokuqala ngeyunithi nganye liqala kwi-$27.25 ukuya kwi-$101.40, la makhethini aphelisa iindleko zokuhlamba impahla kunye nokulungisa eziqhubekayo. Amakhethini emveli afuna ukuhlamba rhoqo kunye nonyango lwee-antimicrobial, nto leyo enyusa iindleko zomsebenzi kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi. Kwixesha lonyaka omnye, amakhethini alahlwayo abonakalisa ukuba abiza kancinci ngenxa yokonga imali ekugcinweni nasekulawulweni kosulelo.
| Uhlobo lweKheteni | Ixabiso lokuqala ngeYunithi nganye (i-USD) | Iindleko Zokugcina Nokuhlamba Iimpahla | Ezinye Izinto Ezibangela Iindleko |
|---|---|---|---|
| Amakhethini alahlwayo (Anyangiweyo) | $55.09 – $101.40 | Akukho nanye | Akukho kuhlamba impahla; kunciphisa ixesha lokusebenza kunye nexesha lokungasebenzi |
| Amakhethini alahlwayo (Anganyangwanga) | $27.25 – $33.10 | Akukho nanye | Ukusetyenziswa kube kanye; kususa umngcipheko wokosuleleka |
| Amakhethini eMveli | Phezulu (uluhlu oluchanekileyo alukho) | Ukuhlamba impahla rhoqo kunye nonyango olufunekayo | Iindleko eziphezulu zokugcina nokugcina abasebenzi |
Ukusebenza kakuhle kokusebenza nako kuyaphucuka. Umzekelo, iZiko lezeMpilo leSixeko linciphise ixesha lokucoca kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane phakathi kweenkqubo ngokusebenzisa amalaphu alahlwayo. Olu tshintsho lonyuse umthamo wokusebenza kwesigulana kwaye lwanciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kwigumbi. Abasebenzi banokugxila ngakumbi ekunyamekeleni isigulana kwaye bangabi nomdla kakhulu ekugcinweni kwamakhethini, nto leyo ephucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwesibhedlele.
Izinto Eziqwalaselwe Kwindalo Esingqongileyo Neendlela Ezilungileyo Zokusebenza
Ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-Disposable Hospital Curtains kuphakamisa iinkxalabo ezibalulekileyo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwazo kube kanye kunegalelo ekuqokeleleni inkunkuma kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu lweendawo zokulahla inkunkuma. Ukuveliswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwempahla kusebenzisa izixhobo kunye namandla. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezintsha kwisayensi yezinto ezibonakalayo zijongana nale mingeni. Izinto ezibolayo kunye neenkqubo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe ziyajongwa ukunciphisa impembelelo kwindalo esingqongileyo. Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokulahla inkunkuma kunye nemfundo yabasebenzi zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ingozi.
Iindlela ezilungileyo zokusetyenziswa ngokuzinzileyo ziquka:
- Ukuseka iinkqubo zokuphinda kusetyenziswe amakhethini enziwe ngezinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe.
- Ukusebenzisa izinto ezinokubola ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyabola ngokwendalo.
- Ukuhlola iiteknoloji zokuguqula inkunkuma ibe ngamandla.
- Ukusebenzisana nababoneleli ababeka phambili imveliso enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo.
- Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi malunga neendlela zokulahla inkunkuma ngendlela enoxanduva.
- Ukuvavanya nokuphucula amanyathelo okugcina uzinzo rhoqo.
Izibhedlele zinokulinganisela ulawulo losulelo kunye noxanduva lokusingqongileyo ngokusebenzisa ezi ndlela zibalaseleyo kunye nokuxhasa uphuhliso oluqhubekayo kuyilo kunye nokulahla amakhethini.
Amakhethini eZibhedlele aLahlwayo abonelela ngesisombululo esisebenzayo sokulawula usulelo. Izibhedlele zibika ukuba ziphucukile ukhuseleko lwesigulana, utshintsho olukhawulezileyo lwekhethini, kunye nokunciphisa ungcoliseko oluxubeneyo.
- Ukulandelela ukuthobela imithetho ngokuzenzekelayo kuqinisekisa ukutshintshwa rhoqo.
- Iimpawu zokulwa neentsholongwane kunye noyilo olusetyenziswa kanye kuphela zinciphisa amazinga osulelo.
- Abasebenzi abafumani msebenzi mkhulu, kwaye amaziko agcina iindleko kwaye athobela imithetho.
FAQ
Zingaphi izihlandlo apho izibhedlele kufuneka zitshintshe amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo?
Uninzi lwezibonelelo zicebisa ukuba kutshintshwe amakhethini angasetyenziswayo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintandathu okanye emva kokuba kudityaniswe nezigulana ezosulelayo. Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kuxhasa ulawulo olufanelekileyo losulelo.
Ngaba iikhethini zesibhedlele ezilahlwayo ziyahambelana neetrekhi zeekhethini ezikhoyo?
Amakhethini alahlwayo alingana neetrekhi eziqhelekileyo. Abasebenzi banokuzifaka besebenzisa ii-snap-in carriers. Akukho zixhobo okanye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ezifunekayo.
Ngaba izibhedlele zingaphinda zisebenzise amakhethini esibhedlele angasetyenziswayo?
Izibhedlele zingaphinda zisebenzise ezinye iikhethini ezilahlwayo ukuba zenziwe ngezinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe. Izibonelelo kufuneka ziqhagamshelane nababoneleli kwaye zilandele izikhokelo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe zasekuhlaleni.
