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Ukhuseleko lwe-ICU luphuculwe ngamakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo ukuze kuncitshiswe iingozi zongcoliseko
Iyalahlwa Amakhethini eCubicle ziphucula kakhulu ukhuseleko lwe-ICU ngokunciphisa iingozi zongcoliseko.amakhethini otyando idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunciphiseni usulelo olunxulumene nezempilo (ii-HAI) phakathi kwezigulana ezisengozini. Ngokusebenzisa amakhethini ezonyango alahlwayo, amaziko ezempilo athatha amanyathelo okukhusela impilo yesigulana. Ukongeza, abavelisi bamakhethini esibhedlele zigxila kakhulu ekuphuhliseni amakhethini alwa neentsholongwane ukuphucula ngakumbi imigangatho yococeko kwi amakhethini egumbi lesibhedlele.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wongcoliseko kwiindawo zokuhlambela izigulane, nto leyo enceda ekuthinteleni usulelo olunxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo (ii-HAI).
- Ukusebenzisa Ikhethini elilahlwayosisusa isidingo sokuhlanjwa kwempahla, ukonga ixesha kunye nezixhobo ngelixa kuqinisekiswa ukuba kukho indawo ecocekileyo kwisigulane ngasinye.
- Iimpawu zokulwa neentsholongwane ezikwikhethini ezilahlwayo ziyazibulala iintsholongwane, zibonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo kwizigulana ezisengozini kwaye ziphucula imigangatho yococeko iyonke.
Umngcipheko Okhulayo Wezifo Ezinxulumene Nezempilo
Izifo ezinxulumene nokhathalelo lwempilo (ii-HAI) zibeka emngciphekweni omkhulu ukhuseleko lwezigulane, ingakumbi kwiiyunithi zokhathalelo olunzulu (ii-ICU). Ukuxhaphaka kwezi zifo kuyoyikisa, kwaye izibalo zehlabathi zibonisa ukuba malunga 51.4% kwizigulane zase-ICU zifumana usulelo ngexesha lokuhlala kwazo. EYurophu nase-USA, ukuxhaphaka kwale ntsholongwane kususela kwi- 9% ukuya kwi-37%La manani agxininisa imfuneko engxamisekileyo yamanyathelo okulawula usulelo ngokufanelekileyo kwiindawo zonyango.
Izinga le-HAIs limi kwi 18.78 ngeentsuku ezili-1,000 zesigulane, ngesantya esilungisiweyo se 5.17 ngeentsuku ezili-1,000 zesigulane ngokusekelwe kubunzulu besifo. Ezi zibalo zigxininisa indlela ebalulekileyo yokuthintela usulelo, ingakumbi kwiindawo apho izigulane sele zisengozini.
Izibalo eziphambili kwi-HAIs:
- Ukuxhaphaka kwezifo ezifunyenwe kwi-ICU kwihlabathi liphela: 51.4%
- Ukuxhaphaka eYurophu nase-USA: 9% ukuya kwi-37%
- Izinga le-HAIs: 18.78 ngeentsuku ezili-1,000 zesigulane
- Izinga elilungisiweyo lisekelwe kubunzima besifo: 5.17 ngeentsuku ezili-1,000 zesigulane
Impembelelo kwiziphumo zesigulane
Iziphumo ze-HAIs zidlulela ngaphaya kwezibalo nje; zichaphazela kakhulu iziphumo zesigulana. Usulelo lunokukhokelela ekuhlaleni ixesha elide esibhedlele, ngokomlinganiselo wokwanda kwe Iintsuku ezili-10.4 ixesha lokuhlala (LOS) ngenxa ye-HAIs. Olu nyuko luyahluka ngohlobo losulelo, kwaye usulelo lwegazi lunegalelo kwi-LOS eqhelekileyo ye Iintsuku ezili-12.8.
Ngaphezu koko, ii-HAI zinxulunyaniswa namazinga aphezulu okufa kwizigulane ze-ICU. Iingxaki ezivela kwiintsholongwane, ezifana nosulelo lwegazi oluhambelana nomgca ophakathi kunye ne-pneumonia enxulumene nomoya, zinyusa umngcipheko wokufa. Amasosha omzimba abuthathaka kwizigulane ze-ICU abenza ukuba babe sesichengeni sosulelo olunzima.
- Ii-HAI zibeka emngciphekweni impilo yezigulane, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwandeni kwamanani okufa.
- Amajoni omzimba abuthathaka kwizigulana ze-ICU abenza ukuba babe sesichengeni sosulelo olunzima.
- Unyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile ukuthintela ukosuleleka ukuba kungangeni kwiimeko ezisongela ubomi.
Impembelelo ye-HAIs ekuchacheni kwesigulane inzulu kakhulu. Ayipheleli nje ekwandiseni ixesha lokuhlala esibhedlele, kodwa ikwanzima nezicwangciso zonyango kwaye yonyusa iindleko zonyango. Ukuphumeza amanyathelo asebenzayo okulawula usulelo, njengokusebenzisa amakhethini eekhabhinethi alahlwayo, inokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko we-HAIs kwaye iphucule iziphumo zesigulana.
Ukuqonda Amakhethini Esibhedlele Alahlwayo
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo asebenza njengecandelo elibalulekileyo ekugcineni ucoceko kwiindawo zonyango. La makhethini enzelwe ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa kanye, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wongcoliseko oluhambelanayo. Ngokungafaniyo namakhethini esiqhelo asetyenziswa kwakhona, amakhethini e-cubicle alahlwayo awadingi kuhlamba impahla, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abe lukhetho olusebenzayo ngakumbi lokulawula usulelo.
Inkcazo kunye neempawu
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo alula, kulula ukuwafaka, kwaye enzelwe ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza. Eyona nto iphambili kuwo kukukwazi ukubonelela ngomqobo ococekileyo phakathi kwezigulana, nto leyo ebalulekileyo ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwezifo. La makhethini adla ngokwenziwa ngezinto ezimelana nokufuma kwaye anyangwa ngemigqumo yokulwa neentsholongwane. Olu nyango luthintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane, luqinisekisa indawo ekhuselekileyo kwizigulana nakubasebenzi bezempilo ngokufanayo.
Iimpawu eziphambili zamakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo:
- Uyilo olusetyenziswa kanye: Inciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko.
- Iimpawu ze-antimicrobial: Ibulala iintsholongwane ngenkuthalo.
- Ilula kwaye kulula ukuyifaka: Iququzelela utshintsho olukhawulezileyo.
- Izixhobo ezimelana nokufuma: Inceda ukugcina ucoceko.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amakhethini angasetyenziswa kwakhona anokuba neentsholongwane ezinkulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kufuneke utshintsho rhoqo ukuze kulawulwe usulelo. Nangona ekuqaleni zisenokubonakala zingabizi kakhulu, iindleko zexesha elide ezinxulumene nokuhlamba impahla zinokuba phezulu, ingakumbi xa ucinga ngokuqina kwazo ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka elishumi.
Izixhobo ezisetyenzisiweyo
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwiikhethini zesibhedlele ezilahlwayo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kwazo. Iikhethini ezininzi ezilahlwayo ziquka ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokubulala iintsholongwane. Umzekelo, iikhethini ze-Endurocide® zenzelwe ukubulala iintsholongwane ezidibana nazo ubomi bazo bonke beminyaka emibini. Olu phawu lunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wongcoliseko xa kuthelekiswa neekhethini zemveli.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezinto ezilwa nokubulala iintsholongwane zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiikhethini zesibhedlele ezilahlwayo:
- Amakhethini e-Endurocide®: Zibulala iintsholongwane ngenkuthalo, zisebenza iminyaka emibini.
- Amakhethini e-EcoMed: Inyangwa ngokhuseleko lwesizukulwana sesi-3 oluyi-Ultra-Fresh, ukuqinisekisa ukusasazwa ngokulinganayo kwee-antibacterial agents.
- Amakhethini alahlwayo e-MARLUXSebenzisa iteknoloji yesilivere yeMicroban® ukuze ufumane ukhuseleko oluphezulu lweentsholongwane.
| Igama lemveliso | Ubuchwepheshe bokulwa neentsholongwane | Ezona mpawu |
|---|---|---|
| Amakhethini alahlwayo e-MARLUX | Itekhnoloji yesilivere yeMicroban® | Ukhuseleko olwakhelwe ngaphakathi, lunciphisa ii-HAI, luhlala ixesha elide |
| Amakhethini e-Endurocide® | I-Endurocide® Antimicrobial | Ibulala iintsholongwane, isebenza iminyaka emibini |
| Amakhethini e-MARLUX™ | Itekhnoloji yeMicroban® | Ithintela ukukhula kweebhaktheriya nge-99.99%, inokuphinda isetyenziswe |
| Amakhethini e-EcoMed | Ukhuseleko Olutsha Kakhulu | Izongezo ezisebenzayo ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, ezisebenza ixesha elide |
Ukudibanisa ezi zinto kuyilo lweekhethini zegumbi lokuhlambela ezilahlwayo kuphucula amandla azo okubonelela ngendawo ekhuselekileyo necocekileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwepeyinti ezilwa neentsholongwane kuqinisekisa ukuba isigulana ngasinye sinendawo entsha, engangcoliswanga, nto leyo ibalulekileyo kukhuseleko lwesigulana.
Iingenelo zamakhethini alahlwayo ekuLawuleni usulelo
Ukunciphisa Ungcoliseko Olunqamlezileyo
Amakhethini eekhabhinethi alahlwayo kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wongcoliseko oluhambelanayo kwiindawo zonyango. Ngokungafaniyo namakhethini emveli, anokugcina iintsholongwane ukuba awahlanjwa rhoqo, amakhethini alahlwayo ayatshintshwa ngokupheleleyo emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye. Olu qheliselo lususa amathuba okuba iintsholongwane zisinde elaphini. Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kwamakhethini alahlwayo kunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko oluhambelanayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisisombululo esisebenzayo sokulawula usulelo kwiindawo zonyango.
Amanqaku aphambili malunga nokungcoliswa okunqamlezileyo:
- Amakhethini alahlwayo atshintshwa ngokupheleleyo, nto leyo esusa umngcipheko wokusinda kwezifo ezibangela iintsholongwane.
- Amakhethini emveli anokuqokelelana iintsholongwane ngokuhamba kwexesha ukuba awahlanjwa rhoqo.
- Ukutshintshwa rhoqo kwamakhethini alahlwayo kunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokungcoliswa kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwamanye amazwe.
Ukulula kunye nokuSebenzisa lula
Ukulungela kweekhethini zesibhedlele ezilahlwayo akunakugqithiswa. Uyilo lwazo olusetyenziswa kanye luphelisa isidingo sokuhlamba impahla, lugcina ixesha kunye nezixhobo kubasebenzi bezempilo. Ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza kuqinisekisa imeko-bume entsha necocekileyo kwisigulana ngasinye. Iindlela zokucoca ezilungelelanisiweyo ezinxulumene neekhethini ezilahlwayo zenza kube lula amanyathelo okulawula usulelo.
Izibonelelo zonyango ziyazuza ekusebenzeni kakuhle njengoko ukususwa kweenkqubo zokuhlamba impahla ezithatha ixesha elide kuvumela abasebenzi ukuba bagxile kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo efana nokunyamekela izigulana. Inkqubo yekhethini yeRapid Refresh® yenza utshintsho olukhawulezileyo, iphucule indlela yokusebenza kwaye inciphise ixesha elichithwa ekulungiseni.
Iingenelo zoKulula:
- Amakhethini alahlwayo onga ixesha ngokuphelisa iimfuno zokuhlamba impahla.
- Ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza kuqinisekisa indawo ecocekileyo kwizigulane.
- Ukusebenza kakuhle okuphuculweyo kuvumela abasebenzi ukuba babeke phambili ukhathalelo lwezigulane.
Ukuthobela iMigangatho yezeMpilo
Ukuthobela imigangatho yezempilo kubalulekile kwiindawo zokhathalelo lwempilo, ingakumbi malunga nolawulo losulelo. Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo anceda amaziko ukuba alandele imigangatho yococeko engqongqo, ukuqinisekisa indlela yokuthintela usulelo ngokukhawuleza. Ahlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko ephezulu ebalulekileyo ekugcineni ukuqinisekiswa kwesibhedlele kunye nokuphepha izohlwayo zokungathobeli.
Ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho kubalulekile kwiimveliso ezilahlwayo ezifana namakhethini esibhedlele. Iindawo zokuhlamba iimpahla zangaphakathi kufuneka zilandele imigaqo ethile ye-CDC kunye ne-OSHA ukuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iingubo zicociwe ngokufanelekileyo. I-Joint Commission (TJC) igxininisa ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lwezigulana, nto leyo echaphazela imfuneko yemiqobo efanelekileyo yokubona nesandi enikezelwa ngamakhethini.
| Umgaqo/Umgangatho | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| IKhomishini eHlangeneyo (i-TJC) | Igxininisa ubumfihlo besigulana kunye nendawo ekhuselekileyo, ichaphazela imfuneko yokuthintela okubonakalayo kunye nesandi ngokusebenzisa amakhethini. |
| Umthetho Wabucala we-HIPAA | Iqinisekisa isidima kunye nokugcinwa kwemfihlo kwesigulana, nto leyo echaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwamakhethini esibhedlele. |
| Imimiselo kaRhulumente neyeNgingqi | Ingabandakanya imigangatho eyongezelelweyo yokhuseleko lomlilo, iinkcukacha zezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, okanye iindlela zokucoca iikhethini zegumbi lokuhlambela. |
Ukuthelekisa iiKheteni zeCubicle ezilahlwayo neeKheteni zeMveli
Ukusebenza kakuhle koLawulo losulelo
Ukusebenza kakuhle kolawulo losulelo yinto ebalulekileyo xa kuthelekiswa amakhethini eekhabhinethi angasetyenziswayo neendlela zemveli. Uphando lubonisa ukuba 92% yamakhethini aphinda asetyenziswe zingcoliswa zizinto eziphilayo ezinganyangekiyo ngamayeza amaninzi, ezifana ne-MRSA kunye ne-VRE, kwiveki enye nje kuphela. Oku kubeka umngcipheko omkhulu kukhuseleko lwesigulana. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, amakhethini alahlwayo asetyenziswa xa esetyenziswa ekulweni neentsholongwane abonisa ukuba akukho mazinga ongcoliseko emva kweeveki ezingama-20. Uyilo lwazo luvumela ukutshintshwa rhoqo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekulawuleni usulelo ngempumelelo.
| Uhlobo loBungqina | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Amanqanaba okuNgcola | Ama-92% amakhethini aphinda asetyenziswe angcoliswa yi-MRSA kunye ne-VRE kwiveki enye. |
| Ukusebenza | Amakhethini asetyenziswa njenge-antimicrobial alahlwayo abonisa ukuba akukho ngcoliso emva kweeveki ezingama-20. |
| Ukuphindaphinda kokutshintshwa | Amakhethini alahlwayo avumela ukutshintshwa rhoqo, nto leyo ibalulekileyo ekulawuleni usulelo. |
Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko
Ukuphucula iindleko yenye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe. Amakhethini alahlwayo anokuba neendleko eziphantsi zokuqala, kodwa akhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zexesha elide ngenxa yokutshintshwa rhoqo. Amakhethini aphinda asetyenziswe anokuhlala iminyaka esixhenxe, ngelixa iindlela ezingasetyenziswayo zihlala ukusuka ekusetyenzisweni kube kanye ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu. Ixabiso lilonke leekhethini eziphinda zisetyenziswe limalunga $115,750 kwiminyaka esixhenxe, xa kuthelekiswa ne $224,000 kwiikhethini ezingasetyenziswayo. Oku kubonisa ukonga okunokwenzeka $108,250 xa ukhetha amakhethini anokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
- Amakhethini alahlwayo adla iindleko eziqhubekayo ngenxa yesidingo sawo sokutshintshwa rhoqo.
- Amakhethini aphinda asetyenziswe anciphisa iindleko ezinxulumene nokuhlanjwa nokugcinwa kwempahla.
- Iindleko zokuhlamba amakhethini emveli zikhula ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo ebangela umthwalo omkhulu wemali kwizibonelelo zempilo.
Izinto eziqwalaselwayo kwiNdalo
Iingqwalasela zokusingqongileyo nazo zidlala indima kwinkqubo yokwenza izigqibo. Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomjikelo wobomi lubonisa ukuba amakhethini angasetyenziswa kwakhona, xa edityaniswe nezinye izinto ezisetyenziswa kube kanye, anokusebenzisa amandla aphindwe kabini kwaye avelise ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo ezilahlwa ngokupheleleyo.
| Umbono | Iidrape ezilahlwayo | Iidrape ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe |
|---|---|---|
| Ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi | Imveliso ephantsi (ixabiso) | Ukuhlamba impahla okuphezulu (ukuhlamba impahla) |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla | Iphakathi | Umjikelo wobomi ophezulu (umjikelo wobomi) |
| Iimpahla ezingekasilwa | Zokwenziwa | Umqhaphu/iPolyester |
Nangona amakhethini alahlwayo edla ngokubonwa njengangazinzileyo kangako, ezinye iindlela zingasetyenziswa kwakhona nge-100% kwaye zenziwe ngezinto ezingenakhemikhali. La makhethini anokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngezinye iimveliso zepropylene #5, ezifana ne-blue wrap kunye nee-gowns. Ahlangabezana nemigangatho engenakhemikhali emiselwe yi-Healthier Hospitals, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kwiindawo ezikhathalele okusingqongileyo.
- Amakhethini alahlwayo anokuphinda asetyenziswe, nto leyo enciphisa inkunkuma.
- Zenzelwe ukususwa nokutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo enciphisa ukuphazamiseka.
- Amakhethini aphinda asetyenziswe afuna amanzi amaninzi kunye namandla okuhlamba impahla, nto leyo echaphazela okusingqongileyo.
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo abalulekile ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwe-ICU kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko. Iingenelo zabo ziquka ukuncipha okukhulu kongcoliseko oluhambelanayo kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yempilo. Xa ukhetha umboneleli, cinga ngezinto ezinje ngokukhethwa kwezinto, ukumelana nomlilo, kunye neempawu zokulwa neentsholongwane. Ukukhetha umboneleli othembekileyo onjengeHAIGuard™ kuqinisekisa izisombululo zokulawula usulelo ezisemgangathweni ophezulu nezisebenzayo.
FAQ
Zenziwe ngantoni iikhethini zesibhedlele ezilahlwayo?
Amakhethini esibhedlele alahlwayo Ngokwesiqhelo iqulathe izinto ezilula nezimelana nokufuma ezinyangiweyo ngeengubo zokulwa namagciwane ukuthintela ukukhula kwezifo.
Kufuneka kutshintshwe kangaphi amakhethini angasetyenziswayo?
Amaziko ezempilo kufuneka tshintsha amakhethini alahlwayo emva kokuba isigulana ngasinye sisebenzise okanye ubuncinane rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezintathu ukuze sihlale sicocekile.
Ngaba amakhethini alahlwayo alungele okusingqongileyo?
Amanye amakhethini alahlwayo angasetyenziswa kwakhona kwaye enziwe ngezinto ezingenakhemikhali, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abe lukhetho oluhlala ixesha elide xa kuthelekiswa namakhethini emveli.
