Isikhokelo seMophu yeCleanroom kwiZibonelelo zeMithi kunye neSemiconductor

Kwimveliso elawulwayo, i-mop ayisiyompahla—yinto elawula ungcoliseko enokuchaphazela ukuqinisekiswa kokungabi nazintsholongwane, isivuno se-wafer, kunye nokulungela ukulawula. Amaqela ezonyango kufuneka alawule umthwalo wezinto eziphilayo, ukuhambelana kwezibulali-ntsholongwane, kunye nolindelo lweSihlomelo 1, ngelixa ii-semiconductor fabs kufuneka zikhusele kwiisuntswana, ii-ion, iintsalela, kunye neziphumo ze-electrostatic kwizikali ze-microscopic. Esi sikhokelo sichaza indlela yokuvavanya imophu yegumbi lokucoca izixhobo, ulwakhiwo, imeko yokubulala iintsholongwane, ukupakishwa, kunye nokufaneleka kweendawo ezihlelwe yi-ISO. Ikwagxininisa ukuba kutheni ukusebenza okuncinci, imiphetho evaliweyo, ukuhlamba impahla okuqinisekisiweyo, kunye nokuhambelana kweekhemikhali kubalulekile xa ixabiso lesiganeko sokungcola linokudlula ngokukhawuleza ixabiso lenkqubo yokucoca ngokwayo.

Ukubaluleka koBuchule bokukhetha iMophu yokucoca

Abaphathi bezakhiwo kunye neengcali zokuqinisekisa umgangatho kwimveliso yamayeza kunye ne-semiconductor bajongene neemfuno ezingqongqo zomthetho zokulawula ungcoliseko lwee-particles kunye nee-microbial. Amaqhinga okulawula ungcoliseko lwanamhlanje, akhokelwa zizikhokelo ezifana ne-EMA Annex 1 ehlaziyiweyo kunye nezikhokelo ze-FDA cGMP, zifuna ukubekwa esweni okucokisekileyo kokusingqongileyo kunye nokucoca umphezulu. Iinkqubo zokucoca umphezulu zisebenza njengokhuselo oluphambili ngokuchasene nokuqokelelana kwee-particles eziwohlokayo kunye nokwanda kwe-bioburden. Eyona nto iphambili kwezi nkqubo kukukhethwa kwee-particles izixhobo zokucoca ezikhethekileyo yenzelwe ngokukodwa iindawo ezilawulwayo.

Ukuthunyelwa kwento engafanelekanga Imophu yegumbi lokucoca inokungenisa iziganeko zongcoliseko olubi kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungavunywani kweebhetshi okanye iziphene ze-wafer ezihlala zibiza amashumi amawaka eedola kwizakhiwo ngeyure kwimveliso emileyo. Ngenxa yoko, abaqhubi beziko kufuneka bahlole iinkqubo ze-mop kungekuphela nje njengezinto zokucoca eziqhelekileyo, kodwa njengezinto ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziswayo ezilawulwa yimigangatho eqinileyo yezinto ezibonakalayo nezekhemikhali.

Ukuchaza iiMops zeCleanroom kwiindawo ezikhethwe yi-ISO

Ukuchaza izixhobo zokucoca kwiindawo ezihlelwe yi-ISO kufuna ukuthotyelwa kwimilinganiselo engqongqo yomzimba. I-mop yemizi-mveliso eqhelekileyo ikhupha amawaka eefayibha kwimitha yesikwere, ngelixa i-mop eqinisekisiweyo Imophu yokucoca igumbi lokucoca Yenzelwe iindawo ze-ISO Class 3 ukuya kwi-5 yenziwe ukuze ikhuphe inani elincinci kakhulu lamasuntswana ngokwemigangatho epapashwe njenge-IEST-RP-CC004. Le miqathango ingqongqo ifezekiswa ngeendlela ezikhethekileyo zokwenza izinto, ezifana nokutywinwa kwe-ultrasonic okanye i-laser kwemiphetho yelaphu ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwefayibha. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo zeBakala A/B kunye ne-ISO Class 3–5, izibonelelo zihlala zixhomekeke kwiiwipes ezikhethekileyo zegumbi lokucoca okanye iinkqubo zokucoca ezenzekelayo kwiindawo zokuqala zokusebenza, zisebenzisa iimops ikakhulu kwimigangatho nakwiindawo ezibanzi zesakhiwo ukuthintela ukugqithiswa kwendima yemop kwiindawo ezikumgangatho ophezulu.

Ngaphezu koko, izixhobo zokucoca zokwenyani zihlala zihlanjwa kwiinkqubo zamanzi acocekileyo kakhulu kwaye zifakwe iingxowa ezimbini phantsi kwe-vacuum ngaphakathi kwendawo ye-ISO Class 4. Olu lungiso luqatha luseka isiseko sokuveliswa kweenxalenye ezincinci kakhulu ngaphambi kokuba izixhobo ziphule umoya ovaliweyo kwindawo elawulwa ngumsebenzisi.

Iingozi Zongcoliseko Ezinxulunyaniswa Nokukhetha I-Mop

Kwimisebenzi yamayeza, umngcipheko ophambili onxulumene ukukhetha i-mop engaphantsi kungcoliseko lweentsholongwane. Izikhokelo zomthetho ziyalela ulawulo oluqinileyo lwemithwalo yezinto eziphilayo, zifuna ukuba inani leentsholongwane eziphezu komhlaba lihlale lingaphantsi kwemida ethile yesakhiwo. Ukusebenzisa i-mop enokumelana neekhemikhali okungekuhle kunokubangela ukuthomalaliswa kwee-sporicidal agents, okuvumela iintsholongwane ukuba zisinde kwinkqubo yokucoca.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iifektri zokwenza i-semiconductor zibeka phambili ulawulo lokungcoliswa kwezinto ezincinci, apho ukuphuma kwee-ion zesinyithi ezithathwe kwizinto ze-mop kunokubangela ii-short circuits ezibulalayo kwizakhiwo ze-nanometer-scale. Kwezi ndawo, izinto ezikhutshwayo ze-ion kufuneka zilawulwe rhoqo kwiindidi ezimiselweyo ezichazwe ziimfuno zesakhiwo. Ukusebenzisa izinto ezingathobeliyo kumngcipheko wokuveza ii-silicon substrates ezinobuthathaka kwi-particle fallout, i-triboelectric charging, okanye ii-chemical residues eziphazamisa i-photolithography ethambileyo okanye iinkqubo zokugrumba.

Iinkcukacha zeMop yokucoca iKeyroom ekufuneka zithelekiswe

Ukuvavanya izixhobo zokucoca kufuna uthelekiso olucwangcisiweyo lweenkcukacha zezinto, amanqanaba okubulala iintsholongwane, kunye noyilo lwe-ergonomic. Uyilo olubonakalayo lwe-mop luchaza ngokuthe ngqo ukufunxwa kwayo kolwelo, ukuhambelana kweekhemikhali, kunye neprofayili yokulahla iinxalenye, ngelixa izinto eziqwalaselweyo ze-ergonomic zichaphazela kakhulu ukudinwa komqhubi kunye nokunamathela kwiintshukumo zokucoca eziqhelekileyo (ezifana nokubethelwa kwe-unidirectional okanye i-S-pattern).

Iinketho zeMop ezicocekileyo, eziphantsi, kunye nezilahlwayo

Izakhiwo kufuneka zihlole ngononophelo ukuthengiselana phakathi kwezinto ezicocekileyo nezingenazintsholongwane, kunye neendlela ezingasetyenziswa kwakhona nezingasetyenziswa kwakhona. Kwiindawo zamayeza ezingacocekanga, iimophu ezicocekileyo ziyimfuneko, zihlala zifumana i-gamma irradiation kwiidosi ezilinganisiweyo ngononophelo phakathi kwama-25 nama-40 kGy ukuze kufezekiswe iNqanaba loQinisekiso lweSterility (SAL) elisemgangathweni weshishini le-10^-6.

Iinkqubo ezilahlwayo ziyawususa ngokupheleleyo umngcipheko wokungcoliswa kwamanye amazwe kunye nolawulo oluphezulu lokuqinisekiswa kwempahla. Ngenxa yoko, zihlala zikhethwa kwiindawo ezikumgangatho ophezulu apho ixabiso lohambo lokungcoliswa lidlula kakhulu iindleko eziphindaphindayo zezinto ezisetyenziswa kanye. Nangona kunjalo, olu hlalutyo lweendleko ezilahlwayo xa kuthelekiswa nezingasetyenziswa kwakhona kufuneka lulinganiswe nozinzo lokusingqongileyo. Ukulahlwa rhoqo kweeplastiki ezisetyenziswa kanye kunye neempahla ezenziweyo kuveza umngeni okhulayo kwimiyalelo yeNkampani yezeNdalo, ezeNtlalo, kunye noLawulo (ESG), nto leyo ebonisa isilumkiso sokwenyani sokusebenza. Xa ukhetha iimophu ezizisebenzela zona eziphinda zisetyenziswe, amaziko kufuneka asebenzise iinkqubo zokuhlamba impahla eziqinisekisiweyo (umz., ngokwezikhokelo ze-IEST-RP-CC005.3). Imijikelo yokubulala iintsholongwane ephindaphindwayo ibangela ukuwohloka kwefayibha okuqhubekayo, okwandisa ngokuthe ngqo ukuchitheka kwee-particles kwaye kunciphisa ukufunxwa ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Izixhobo, Uyilo lweeNtloko, kunye neempawu zeSiphatho

Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-substrate Intloko yeMop ilawula ukusebenzisana kwayo nezinto ezingcolisayo ezingaphezulu kunye nezibulali-ntsholongwane ezingamanzi. I-polyester eqhubekayo kunye ne-microfiber blends eziphambili, ezihlala zisebenzisa umlinganiselo we-80/20 we-polyester kwi-nylon, yimigangatho yoshishino. Ezi zinto zibonelela ngesenzo esingcono se-capillary, esivumelaintloko ye-mop eqhelekileyo ukugcina ubungakanani obufanelekileyo bolwelo ukuze lusetyenziswe ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokuvuza kakhulu.

Ngaphaya kwezinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-substrate, i-head geometry iyalela ukuba isicelo sisetyenziswe kakuhle. Ii-flat rectangular mops ziqhelekile kushishino lokugubungela ngokulinganayo kumgangatho nakwiindonga. Nangona iiprotokholi ezindala ngamanye amaxesha zazisebenzisa intambo okanye I-Loop MopKwiindawo ezingalinganiyo, ezi ngoku aziphetshwa kwiindawo ezihlelwe yi-ISO kuba zibamba izinto ezingcolisayo kwaye kunzima ukuzihlamba nokuziqinisekisa. Iifreyimu zesitayile sepokotho zibonelela ngokunamathela okukhuselekileyo ngexesha lokukhuhla ngamandla, ngelixa iintloko ze-foam-core zithandwa ngenxa yokugcina kwazo ulwelo ngendlela ekhethekileyo.

Xa ukhetha ingcali ekhethekileyo Imophu yomgangatho wegumbi lokucoca, iimpawu zehardware zibaluleke ngokulinganayo kwintloko esetyenziswayo. Izixhobo kufuneka zimelane nezinto ezibulala iintsholongwane eziqatha kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane okuphindaphindiweyo. Iziphatho ze-aluminium ezifakwe i-anodized kunye neziphatho zentsimbi engagqwali ze-316L ezicoliweyo ngombane ziyacetyiswa kakhulu—kwaye zihlala zifuneka kwii-SOP zangaphakathi—njengoko zimelana nokugqwala kwaye zithintela ukuchitheka kweeflekhi zesinyithi eziqhele ukwenzeka kwizixhobo zehardware ezikumgangatho ophantsi. Ukuhambelana neebhakethi kunye nee-wringers zegumbi lokucoca kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo lolwelo.

Iziqinisekiso, iMvelaphi, kunye nokuphunyezwa

Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwiinkcukacha ukuya ekudityanisweni kwezakhiwo ezisebenzayo kubandakanya iinkqubo zokufaneleka ezingqongqo kunye nolawulo lwesicwangciso sokubonelela ngeenkonzo. Isigaba sokuphunyezwa kufuneka sihambelane neenkqubo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni ezimiselweyo (ii-SOP) ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca kunye nokuthotyelwa kwemithetho.

Amanyathelo Asebenzayo Okuqinisekisa I-Cleanroom Mop

Iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa izixhobo zokucoca zihlala zisetyenziswa

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

• Khetha ii-cleanroom mops njengezinto ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo, kungekhona izinto zokucoca eziqhelekileyo, kuba ukukhetha kakubi ii-mop kunokubangela ukwaliwa kwebhetshi, iziphene ze-wafer, kunye nexesha elibizayo lokungasebenzi.
• Kwiindawo ze-ISO Class 3–5, beka phambili izinto zokucoca ezithambileyo ezinemiphetho evaliweyo kunye nokusebenza okubhaliweyo kokulawula amasuntswana.
• Iindawo zamayeza kufuneka ziqinisekise ukuba i-mop iyahambelana nezibulali-ntsholongwane kunye nee-sporicidal agents ukuze kuthintelwe ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwekhemikhali yokucoca.
• Izixhobo ze-semiconductor kufuneka zihlole izixhobo ze-mop ukuze zibone izinto ezikhutshwayo ze-ion, umngcipheko we-trace metal, iintsalela, kunye nokuziphatha kwe-electrostatic.
• Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokucoca ezihlanjwe kwigumbi lokucoca kunye neenkqubo zokucoca ezineengxowa ezimbini apho iimfuno zokulawula ungcoliseko zifuna amanqanaba amancinci kakhulu esiseko.
• Hlanganisa uyilo lwe-mop nomphezulu kunye nendawo: iindawo zokusebenza ezibalulekileyo zinokufuna iiwipes okanye iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo, ngelixa ii-mops zilungele kakhulu umgangatho kunye neendawo ezinkulu zesakhiwo.

Imibuzo ebuzwa qho

Kutheni iimophu eziqhelekileyo zemizi-mveliso zingafanelekanga kwiindawo zokucoca?

Iimophu eziqhelekileyo zinokukhupha imicu, amasuntswana, kunye neentsalela ezibeka emngciphekweni iindawo ezihlelwe yi-ISO. Iimophu zegumbi lokucoca zenzelwe ukuvelisa amasuntswana amancinci, zihlala zisebenzisa imiphetho evaliweyo kunye nokuhlamba impahla okulawulwayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko.

Yeyiphi imigangatho ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha i-cleanroom mop?

Izakhiwo zihlala zivavanya iimophu ngokuthelekisa neemfuno zegumbi lokucoca le-ISO, isikhokelo se-IEST-RP-CC004, ulindelo lwe-EMA Annex 1, kunye nemigaqo yokulawula ungcoliseko ye-FDA cGMP, kuxhomekeke kwisicelo kunye nemeko-bume yomthetho.

Ngaba iimophu zegumbi lokucoca ziyasetyenziswa kwiindawo zeBanga A okanye ze-ISO Class 3?

Kwiindawo ezibalulekileyo, iimophu zihlala zisetyenziselwa umgangatho kunye neendawo ezinkulu zokwakha. Iindawo zokusebenza eziphambili zihlala zixhomekeke kwiiwipes ezikhethekileyo okanye iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wongcoliseko ngqo.

Zeziphi iimpawu ze-mop ezinciphisa ukuchitheka kwamasuntswana?

Amalaphu athambileyo, imiphetho evalwe nge-ultrasonic okanye nge-laser, ukuhlamba impahla kwigumbi lokuhlambela ngamanzi acocekileyo kakhulu, kunye nokupakishwa okuneengxowa ezimbini kunceda ekunciphiseni ukukhululwa kwefayibha kunye nongcoliseko lwamasuntswana ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.

Iimfuno ze-pharmaceutical kunye ne-semiconductor mop zahluke njani?

Izakhiwo zamayeza zibeka phambili ukuhambelana kweentsholongwane ze-microbial kunye neekhemikhali, ngelixa ii-semiconductor fabs zigxila kakhulu kulawulo lwee-particles, izinto ezikhutshwayo ze-ion, ii-trace metals, ii-residues, kunye neengozi ze-electrostatic.